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100			_aKätsyri, Jari _949699
245			_aVirtual Faces Evoke Only a Weak Uncanny Valley Effect: _bAn Empirical Investigation With Controlled Virtual Face Images/
260			_bsage _c2019
300			_aVol 48, Issue 10, 2019: (968-991 p.).
520			_aThe uncanny valley (UV) hypothesis suggests that increasingly human-like robots or virtual characters elicit more familiarity in their observers (positive affinity) with the exception of near-human characters that elicit strong feelings of eeriness (negative affinity). We studied this hypothesis in three experiments with carefully matched images of virtual faces varying from artificial to realistic. We investigated both painted and computer-generated (CG) faces to tap a broad range of human-likeness and to test whether CG faces would be particularly sensitive to the UV effect. Overall, we observed a linear relationship with a slight upward curvature between human-likeness and affinity. In other words, less realistic faces triggered greater eeriness in an accelerating manner. We also observed a weak UV effect for CG faces; however, least human-like faces elicited much more negative affinity in comparison. We conclude that although CG faces elicit a weak UV effect, this effect is not fully analogous to the original UV hypothesis. Instead, the subjective evaluation curve for face images resembles an uncanny slope more than a UV. Based on our results, we also argue that subjective affinity should be contrasted against subjective rather than objective measures of human-likeness when testing UV.
650			_aface perception, _949121
650			_aanimacy perception, _949700
650			_auncanny valley hypothesis, _949701
650			_asocial cognition _949294
700			_aGelder, Beatrice de _949702
700			_aTakala, Tapio _949703
773	0		_012374 _916462 _dSage, _tPerception _x1468-4233
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1177/0301006619869134
942			_2ddc _cART
999			_c12500 _d12500