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100			_aJanet Merkel _943816
245			_a‘Freelance isn’t free.’ Co-working as a critical urban practice to cope with informality in creative labour markets
260			_bSage _c2019
300			_aVol 56, Issue 3, 2019 (526-547 p.)
520			_aFor more than a decade, co-working spaces have proliferated in cities worldwide. The paper discusses co-working as a critical urban practice because these spaces give support to the rising number of freelance workers in culture and creative industries. Freelance workers are an ‘invisible’ workforce whose impact often remains ‘hidden’ (Mould et al., 2014), who are not sufficiently protected through social welfare regulations and do not enjoy the same social entitlements as employed workers. This paper uses the concept of informality to highlight ongoing informalisation processes of employment relationships as well as informal working practices in creative labour markets. It discusses the emergence of co-working as a practice of collective self-help and self-organisation to cope with and to potentially overcome the informality, uncertainty and risks associated with independent work. It argues that co-working can be seen in line with other practices of informal urbanism that become more prevalent in European and North American cities because of the lack of affordable housing, the retrenchment of the social welfare state and the imposed conditions of ‘austerity urbanism’ (Peck, 2012).
650			_a co-working _940017
650			_afreelance work _943817
650			_aculture and creative industries _943818
650			_acultural work _943819
650			_acreative work _930185
650			_acreative cities _930185
773	0		_011188 _915499 _dsage, 2019. _tUrban studies
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1177/0042098018782374
942			_2ddc _cART