The relationships between human health and the environment have captivated scholarly attention across a number of disciplinary and policy domains. This article reviews emerging health-environment research, which we categorize into three themes: complexity, uncertainty, and bodies. Although there have been robust contributions to these thematic areas from geography and the social sciences, we argue that integrating them into an analytical framework can extend geographic perspectives on scale, knowledge production, and human-environment relations, while also incorporating valuable insights from cognate fields. We conclude by reflecting on the normative contributions of this framework for research and policy.